OEC (Belgium) Risk Analysis PR1- Risk Analysis: the Risk Analysis will determine the students at risk, the bullying rates in the countries and the conditions of the schools will be revealed. Risk analysis is the analysis which will be used for the identification of students and teachers who are under the risk of bullying in schools and the rates of the problem of bullying. The main research tools were online questionnaires distributed to the target groups: students and school staff.
In this output, we aimed to determine persons who are under the risk of Bullying (students and school staff including school administrators). It was applied to at least 50 teachers and 50 students from each school. (it is estimated 200 teacher+over 200 student+50 school staff+administor). Elements of Innovation: there are many projects and studies on different types of bullying, the PRotoTYPe focuses on the type of bullying that occurs in schools that we call school-based bullying which is known but there is not enough existing data collection on the field. In recent days, there have been increases in bullying types such as bullying toward teachers by students. Especially starting from this point, this output will be an innovative part of the project as well as detecting school staff who are under the risk of bullying.
On the other hand, bullying can happen towards students by teachers and other school staff. Our intention in this output is to collect information on bullying toward students by their teachers (including school administration). This analysis aims to detect students who are under the risk of this bullying type. Expected impacts: Expected impacts on students: output is detecting those risk groups and trying to solve problems with school-based prevention program (PR3). The expected impact of the output is to create safe environments in schools and presenting/disseminating the results outside these target groups in order to share it with public authorities as well as in schools. This type of analysis allows for obtaining a panoramic view of the results obtained in each of the questions formulated in the questionnaire. The design of the questionnaire was based on the data collected initially through the technique implicating the "Matrix of present and future scenarios". With this technique, students are expected to reflect on what elements of their current situation they like and do not like, as well as what they would like to have in the future (of what is currently available) and what they would not like (even if they did not currently)
COFAC (Portugal) - PR2- Factor Analysis / Needs Analysis will determine why students and teachers resort to bullying and what they need. Factor analysis is the analysis that will reveal which factors cause bullying. Need analysis is the analysis that will help us to know what the prevention plans should include and the contents of the prevention programme and digital games to be prepared.
Factor analysis is the general name of multivariate statistical techniques whose main purpose is to identify and define the underlying structure of the data matrix. The aim of this analysis is to find out the actual reasons underlying the behaviour. If we achieve to find out the actual reasons for bullying, we can prevent before it happens. There are two types of factor analysis
exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis in the world literature. Since we were aiming to investigate underlying reasons so that we used exploratory factor analysis. The results of need and factor analysis were used for the next school-based prevention output. It was applied to at least 50 teachers and 50 students from each school and to school administrators.
Elements of innovation: we all agreed that to design effective bullying-prevention and intervention programs, we need to understand that a person’s tendency towards bullying is influenced by individual, familial and environmental factors. To identify those factors, it was conducted a survey on public school students, teachers, and school administrators on issues including the prevalence and incidence of bullying, teasing, locations of bullying, school climate, and respect for diversity. After the survey data were collected and analyzed by using the SPSS programme, we used exploratory factor analysis. Thus, this analysis was not the same as other traditional factor analysis, since the main purpose of exploratory factor analysis is to discover the factor structure of a measurement tool in a specific study group or sample and to question the repeatability of the obtained factor structure and results in other samples (Osborne ve Fitzpatrick, 2012). The difference of this analysis from other factor analysis is not only to determine the factors but also the possibility of repetition.
This type of analysis brought some innovation to our intellectual output and helped us to identify reasons for bullying clearly. The Need Analysis will show us bilaterally what the teachers and students need to get rid of the bullying they have applied to each other. Expected Impact: Using exploratory factor analysis gave us a clear image of attitudes. Considering other outputs factor analysis would not contribute directly to the implementation of the project. These analyses are a kind of data to use to promote guidance material and support the creation of a reference point to prevent bullying before it occurs. With the combination of other outputs, they will show us how students feel when they start to incline to bully behaviours or when they feel they are being bullied. The aim of this questionnaire is to explore the attitudes of students and to observe the frequency of attitudes that may lead to aggression/bullying in the future. The questionnaire was conducted online and created via survey monkey/google.
OMEM (Turkey)- School-Based Bullying Prevention Programme - PR3- With the bullying prevention plan and an online education portal, students, teachers and other target groups will be trained to prevent bullying. Bullying prevention plan was designed as an education portal including both student-teacher training and a one-year rehabilitation training program. This program will provide the necessary training for students and staff to identify bullying, raise awareness towards it, provide/develop strategies to deal with challenging situations. This portal also includes sections and activities to involve parents, raise awareness and attract their attention to the issue. The data gathered from the Risk Analysis and Factor and Needs Analysis was the basis of inspiration and the research findings were used to create an effective bullying prevention programme in the form of an effective user- friendly online portal. The portal is the source of useful hints, ready made lesson plans, scenarios, free accessed activies, videos etc.
OLEMISEN BALANSSIA RY (Finland) - Computer Games - Digital games are created to prevent school- based bullying. Owing to the Prototype project result no 4 (PR4), students, teachers and other school staff will be taught how to behave when they are exposed to bullying with digital games, videos and animations. Computer Games were created for the groups of interest to simulate a real- life scenario connected with bullying at school and around school life. They will also be able to learn the necessary templates on how to resist, react, and protect themselves from bullying.
Computer games for students were created within the scope of this project in order to tackle the issue of school-based bullying more effectively. Although no program is a miracle and can completely resolve such complex issues alone, we believe that benefiting from computer games and other digital tools such as videos and animations will go a long way. With these tools, while students will be having fun they will also learn new things about bullying and utilize their knowledge and skills and put them into practice.
Target groups and elements of innovation: This part of our project is inspired by the computer game included in the KiVa program that is an evidence-based anti-bullying program. However, the unique feature of our projects is that the computer game to be included within the scope of our project will not target bullying among students/peers only, but it will focus on bullying done by teachers and school administrators towards students and also by students towards teachers and school administrators as well. This game will serve to provide knowledge and skills for students and encourage them to change their behaviors that cause bullying, or resist such behaviors when they witness its occurrence. This computer game is developed mainly for students aged 15-18 years old, but people at any age can try to expand their knowledge, assumptions and think over their attitude towards bullying through this game. Some basic information about bullying will be given to students based on the online course they receive, and they will have the opportunity to test themselves and their knowledge on the issue. Moreover, they will be given some tasks that enable them to see whether they are good classmates, whether they are respectful towards others, or whether they are resistant to pressure or not.
Furthermore, students will be able to create their own avatars while playing which will make them more engaged with the scenarios within the game and approach bullying incidents with more empathy. Furthermore, as they level up in the game they will face different scenarios of bullying, and they will be asked to make decisions and take actions with regards to these challenging circumstances. According to their responses, they will have the opportunity to receive feedback, and face the feelings and thoughts of others- students and teachers- involved in the situation. Moreover, through this game students will be able to enter a new world where they visit different places in a campus-like environment. As they go through the campus, they refresh their knowledge about school-based bullying at every stage, watch short animations in the computer lab, take actions and intervene in bullying incidents occurring in different parts of the campus, for instance, the cafeteria, classrooms, library, or the sports center.
Expected impact on students: This project, in general, aims to provide knowledge and skills with regard to school-based bullying. The computer game, therefore, will strengthen this knowledge and skills while it is entertaining for students, create awareness about school-based bullying, help to prevent the unconscious bullying, increase the sensitivity of standby students, create empathy toward victims, promote strategies for students to resist bullying and take the right actions when bullying occurs, or to support the victim, develop and support the self-efficacy of students to use these strategies.